isaac hale father of emma smith

Matthew Kirk and Corey McQuinn of Hartgen Archeological Associates, Inc. in Rensselaer, New York directed the excavation of portions of the Hale home site during 2004, and again from 2010-2012 for the Historic Sites Division of the LDS Church History Department. Their daughter Emma, would go on to be the wife of Joseph Smith, founder-prophet of the LDS/Mormon church. Sharpe,History of Oxford,12. Timothy Lee, before Mrs. [Emma] Smith was born.189 Emma was already born and baptized into the Congregationalists before Reverend Lee arrived in the valley. As the family worked, Connecticut and Pennsylvania soon resolved their competing land claims, and on April 4, 1789, the state of Pennsylvania sold the Hale and Lewis farms to George Ruper as part of a large tract of land that included much of the valley.94b Pennsylvania separated the valley from Tioga Township in March 1791, and made the entire valley Willingborough Township, a part of Luzerne County.95 As Isaac and Elizabeth Hale settled in Willingborough Township, Ruper sold most of his land to Tench Francis, a merchant in Philadelphia, who became their new landlord. Harmony, February 22, 1826, Elial T. Foote Papers, 26:137; and Paul,History of Wells,119. The Hales farmed near Harmony, Pennsylvania, and operated a country inn. He may have also sailed ships himself. Hale, Isaac Biography 21 Mar. 1841 [Draft 2], History, circa JuneOctober 1839 [Draft 1], Introduction to New York and Pennsylvania Financial No products in the cart. . The sons likely visited their fathers grave at some later point and replaced the original Hale and Lewis marker since a nicely carved 1820s headstone with a weeping willow and well-carved lettering now marks the grave.165, A religious transformation in the Hale family followed the death of Tim Pickering; and a transformation in the Hale home and land followed their religious transformation. 1. John D. Monroe,Chapters in the History of Delaware County, New York(Delaware, New York: Delaware County Historical Association, 1949), 8997, 109. 91. Bennett became a blacksmith in Great Bend Township, Tax Assessments, Great Bend Township, 1825, Susquehanna County Courthouse, Montrose, Pennsylvania. Emma Hale Smith (1804-1879), wife of the Prophet Joseph Smith, was born July 10, 1804, in the Susquehanna Valley in harmony township (now Oakland), Pennsylvania, to Isaac and Elizabeth Lewis Hale, the first permanent settlers in the valley. Mormon prophet Joseph Smith met his father-in-law, Isaac Hale, while using his peep stone in a hat to hunt for buried treasure. For example, when the company of cartographer F. W. Beers made his map of the township in 1872, he marked the Foundations of 1st Morman (sic) Temple on what had been Jacob/Joseph Smith land. Archaeologists, personal communications to author, July and August 2014. Jesse Hale served in various elected positions including superintendent of the local schools for District 3 while John Comfort served for District 1. After her death in 1879, her sons published a transcript of an interview in which she purportedly denied Joseph had ever sanctioned plural marriage.6 Notwithstanding the religious and emotional turmoil over this practice, Emma maintained a deep love for Joseph. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. The bridges loose stones were worked out of its walls the previous spring when Jason Treadwell, a local sandy hair, red bearded, cross-eyed prankster accused of murdering Oliver Harper, had frantically pulled them out searching for a hidden four hundred dollars he claimed was placed there. Frisbie,History of Middletown,5556. A grandson of Isaac and Elizabeth Hale, Lorenzo D. Wasson left the valley for Nauvoo, Illinois, perhaps to share news of Isaacs death, but also to learn more about his aunts unusual religion. 142. 226. Upham,Life of Timothy Pickering,3641. The modest headstones the men could see as they traveled were made by stonemason J. W. Stewart, known for years as Coffin Man. But it was Oliver Harpers large, ornate headstone just to the south of the two simple ones that would have likely been the focus of any discussion the men had with its neatly chiseled inscription announcing Harper had been robbed and murdered the previous year on March 11, 1824. Robert H. Rose, letter to Isaac Hale, January 2, 1810, Deeds. 38. Along with what Comfort perceived as religious decline, economic decline settled in their valley contributing to an exodus of many of the valleys second generation. He watched his father bury a kettle of gold but kept it secret for many years. Archaeologists have noted, it was common in the 18th century to dispose of household refuse near where it was generated. Linda King Newell and Valeen Tippetts Avery,Mormon Enigma: Emma Hale Smith, Prophets Wife,Elect Lady,Polygamys Foe, 18041879(Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, 1984), 8. 236. His Hearken, O Ye People: The Historical Setting of Joseph Smiths Ohio Revelations(2009) is a landmark study placing the revelations received by Joseph Smithin historical perspective. Lucy Mack Smith, Lucy Mack Smith, History, 1845, 190, josephsmithpapers.org. Barnes Frisbie,History of Middletown, Vermont(Rutland, Vt.: Tuttle & Company, 1867, 59. . Her mother, Elizabeth, was too ill to travel. John Comfort, letter to Silas Comfort, Letter, February 23, 1838. Subject Files, Susquehanna County Historical Society. While Hale and Lewis worked on the Pickering property, they associated with Colonel Pickerings son, Tim Pickering. A gaping hole grew in his neck, and he became emaciated until he looked like a living skeleton.159 The Lewis family moved into the Pickering log home to better care for him. 99. The Church Historians Press is an imprint of the Church History Department of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, Utah, and a trademark of Intellectual Reserve, Inc. 2023 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. boonie bears monster plan; lowest temperature in pensacola, fl; glencoe high school basketball David followed on March 6, 1794. Relations between Young and Emma steadily deteriorated. The earlier Hale log home still stood on Isaacs property where the Stowell work party likely stayed. The only significant difference between Lucy Smiths home and Elizabeth Hales home was the location of the stairway leading to the second floor and a full second story in the Hale home rather than a half-story such as was in the Smith home. They seem to have thought of it. The lack of a legal will placed both the Church and Emmas family in uncertain financial conditions. Providence knows bestHe sends to you whatever He wants you to have, and youve got to take it and make the best of it.174. B. Buck recalled of that early period, Everybody espoused Methodism, men, women and children. As the Hale family and their relatives in the valley joined Methodism one or two at a time over a period of several years, the son of Timothy Pickering Jr. died and Nathaniel Lewis moved his family into the larger Pickering home.223 The Lewis family lived in the large home until Pickering sold it to John Comfort in 1808 and gave Lewis a years notice to move his family out.224 This happened just as land ownership in the valley shifted and the settlers were finally forced to resolve their land titles. Emma Hale was born on July 10, 1804, in Harmony Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania,[7] the seventh child of Isaac Hale and Elizabeth Lewis Hale. His father was the leader of a Methodist class in their home.78 Two of young Nathaniels brothersJohn and Levi Lewisjoined several years later and also became heavily involved in Methodism. 287. 189. 68. In addition to being church president, Joseph had been trustee-in-trust for the church. Margaret McColum placed an advertisement in the paper in 1824 in response to her husbands previous advertisement claiming she had left his bed and board. Margaret quipped, ELIAS never had a bed; and as to eatables, he never furnished any except Beans & Jonny Cake without Salt; which cannot, with any propriety, be denominated board. Error Corrected,Susquehanna County Republican, June 29, 1824, 3, italics in original. The home and farm then passed on to others.296 Alva moved west to Amboy, Illinois in the general area where the Hale family had gathered again. B. Wilkinson dated the initial settlement of that valley to 1788, (Wilkinson,Annals of Binghamton,110112). In May 1829, Emma and Joseph left Harmony and went to live with David Whitmer in Fayette, New York. Blackman,History of Susquehanna County,57. George Peck,The Life and Times of Rev. [3][4][5], After the killing of Joseph Smith Emma remained in Nauvoo rather than following Brigham Young and the mormon pioneers to the Utah Territory. 86. He suggested to her the women in the valley were unusually strong and healthy, and he hoped if the sickly Jane were to come north and join him it would improve her health as well. When Emma decided to marry Joseph in 1827, her parents disowned her, but did allow their daughter and son-in-law back for a time while Emma was pregnant with their first child and as Joseph continued translating the . They courted for several months while Joseph worked to improve his financial situation. 310. Jane C. Nylander,Our Own Snug Fireside: Images of the New England Home, 17601860(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994), 5465. George Peck listed the text of each sermon he delivered in the Hale home in a Memorandums booklet he kept for each place he stopped on his circuit. They sometimes buried brass kettles and other valuable metal not for later use in cooking but to protect their treasure from theft until it could be dug up and cut into decorative pieces for adornment.102 But there is no evidence they made any of their silver jewelry from locally mined ore. While Emily Blackman took a consistently negative approach in her description of Isaac Hales relationship with Joseph, she also acknowledged: It is thought that Mr. Hale was a little deluded at first, as well as others, in regard to Joes prophecy. Blackman,History of Susquehanna County,103. Commonwealth vs. Jason Treadwell. This suggests that Emma was in the room at breakfast while the other women in the household were not, and she may have provided board for guests in the homeincluding the Josiah Stowell work party. Blackman,History of Susquehanna County,103. Buck served as the first permanent minister stationed in the Everlasting Hills.166 He found success in his attempt to spread religious conviction, and he developed a congregation downriver eight miles from the Hale home. These reports are on file in the Historic Sites Division. [citation needed] As the Kirtland Temple was being constructed, Emma spearheaded an effort to house and clothe the construction workers.[21]. But Lewis clearly increased his ties to the movement shortly after the Pickering death. He took down his gun, shot the deer, and after dressing it, sent portions to his neighbors. There are a large number of headstones made by Coffin Man in the region, and Nancy Mess has identified him as J. W. Stewart of Coventryville, New York. Photograph by Mark L. Staker, Onondaga pottery, found on Hale Farm, Collection of the LDS Church History. 129. 212. Emma apparently had an education equal to the other prominent members of the community. Personalities in the Doctrine and Covenants. But it is not clear how productive these mills were or how long they stayed in operation. 45. . Susan Easton Black, Isaac Hale: Antagonist of Joseph Smith,Regional Studies in Latter-day Saint Church History: New York,1992, 93111. Upham,Life of Timothy Pickering,118. Ancestry and Posterity of Joseph Smith and Emma Hale: With Little Sketches of Their Immigrant Ancestors All of Whom Came to America between the Years 1620 and 1685, and Settled in the States of Massachusetts and Connecticut. She later married Major Lewis C. Bidamon in 1847. . Blackman,History of Susquehanna County,433. She has been tossed upon the ocean of uncertainty; She has breasted the storms of persecution, and buffeted the rage of men and devils, which have borne down almost any other woman.1. Reverend Loring Grant became responsible for the Tioga Circuit in 1810, the year it became part of the Genesee Conference, and regularly rode to thirty meeting places to preach to gathered congregations. Alva remained in the valley with his family and cared for her. Register of Baptisms, First Presbyterian Church Records, Hallstead, January 11, 1797. Timothy Pickering Jr., Drawings and Instructions for a House in the Country, The Timothy Pickering Papers, 17451820, 45:4955, Massachusetts Historical Society. 14. He established another congregation about ten miles upriver from the Hales in South Bainbridge, New York, and found success in other valleys in the region. June 11, 2022 Posted by: georgia death race 2022 . As the play begins Isaac has agreed to house several treasure hunters for an old neighbor, Josiah Stowell, who is digging for a Spanish silver mine. Davids brother Jesse Hale moved across the river to a new home downstream by his sawmill, and in 1825 Jesse paid a tax for both of his homes as occupied structures. 100. Joseph Smith Jr., who was a passive employee of Stowell, said, I was put to board with a Mr. Isaac Hale, of that place,JSP, H1:236. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Edward Lewis, however, also owned a dock at Coopers Island (a land mass in the river delta of New Inlet today known as Wills Island) where he would have been involved in shipping. (Seymour, Conn.: Record Print, 1885), 1:12. He did not add any value (and hence no tax) to the Morse land but increased the Smith land value by $150.00. . In a short time they returned, bringing with them a Peter Ingersol, and subsequently came to the conclusion that they would move out, and reside upon a place near my residence. 188. Davis, Lewises Who Served Their Country, 117. The drought and frost forced some local residents to walk for days trying to find enough food to feed their families.120 During the following summer of 1801, freezing temperatures and biting frosts again killed crops on July 26, August 5, August 25, and September 1213. 114. isaac hale father of emma smith isaac hale father of emma smith. : Sharp D. Lewis, 1830), 173. Their families all lived in Lanesville where the generally shallow river water filled the air with a constant roar and the creaking of several sawmills added the noise of industry and pious work to the setting. 204. See Warrantee Names, R. H. Rose Survey Map.. The Hale farm began with Isaac Hale. Photograph by Mark L. Staker. The infant Joseph died of exposure or pneumonia in late March 1832, after a door was left open during a mob attack on Smith. It was Potters congregation during Isaacs childhood that Jonathan Edwards had tried to call to repentance when he preached his famous sermon, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. The sermon had not taken then, and the congregation had not adopted Edwards conservative stance when Joseph and Antha were married, but the Reverend Potter still had gone too far when he married a black man and a white woman. During the investigation of the murder of Oliver Harper, Isaac Hale was called out of his home one evening barefoot. Since William Smith continues to be listed in the Unseated Lands section of the tax assessments year after year while the Westfall family is also taxed for property, it appears the purchase was never properly recorded and the transfer clearly noted. Given the large gathering just down the road from Isaac and Elizabeth Hales farm, it is likely they were at the revival. John and Rhoda married and joined the Methodists in 1789, then moved to Wells village where John became a Methodist preacher.86 Levi Lewis, a younger brother, also moved to the village where he operated a tannery and served as the Sunday School superintendent.87 As John moved from Middletown, Nathaniel Jr. continued to live there until he married Sarah at the Justice of the Peace in February 1790.88 Since his family noted Nathaniel Jr. continuously preached from the time he was eleven, it is likely Nathaniel preached Methodism in Middletown, but it did not go well as most families remained involved with the Rodsmen and Lewis saw few if any converts. 293. de Doina Babcinschi. A missionary spirit was hers from her birth.208While her family was not involved in Methodism until at least a year after her birth, Emma was likely raised within a shouting context. It was built during a time of spiritual renewal for the Hale family, and it had become an outward sign for them of what they were hoping to develop described as an inward grace.14 Joseph first met Isaac and Elizabeth Hales third daughter in their comfortable home. Methodists in the township met at either one home or the other for worship services, elections, court sessions, or other community events. Privacy Policy. He blamed Federalists and Whigs for their problems.282, John Comfort saved his harshest words for the decline of religion in Harmony. 244. 106. Nancy Mess, Historical Scraps from Susquehanna, unpublished manuscript in the authors possession and on file at the Lanesboro Town Hall, Susquehanna Depot, Pennsylvania. line; Smith Farm, bottom right of center line. This early 19th century home house the Isaac and Elizabeth Hale family. But she did not need to offer them prominence in the community. This Elect Lady, Ann Lee, had been a prophetess, Colbert acknowledged, but a prophetess who was deceived. Early map makers of the region acknowledged their lack of information about the area by writing Endless Mountains across a large section of unmapped land without trying to include details they did not know.33The name stuck and is still used for the region today. Map by Brandon S. Plewe. During this period, the Wood family and some of their neighbors accepted Nathaniel Woods religious doctrines, and this growing group began meeting together in Middletown. Twenty-three year old Antha Hale married twenty-four year old Joseph Wallace, and Isaac may have attended the wedding on his way north to propose and arrange his own marriage. Mudge,American Camp-Meeting Hymn Book,11. Included in this list but not in the original directive was malt houses. 98. [citation needed] When he and the majority of the Latter Day Saints of Nauvoo abandoned the city in early 1846, Emma and her children remained behind in the emptied town.[21]. Since Whaley wrote several decades before Blackman and drew directly from letters and personal conversations with the individuals discussed, his dating was likely more accurate. 70. His mother recalled after Joseph first met Emma, he immediately commenced paying his addresses. Anderson,Lucys Book,361. And Elizabeth Hale expected a child again. http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/june-2013/article/george-washington-s-incredible-garbage-dump. 201. When Isaac Hale was born on 21 March 1763, in Waterbury, New Haven, Connecticut Colony, British Colonial America, his father, Reuben Hale, was 33 and his mother, Dianthe Ward, was 21. The value listed for the Hales under house jumped from $20 to $98 when the additional structure was included in 1819 but the value only dropped to $40 in 1822. Chaffee,History of the Wyoming Conference, 49. When the Harmony Turnpike crossed the Pennsylvania state line, the Allegheny Mountain foothills began their gentle rise. (Rutland: Tuttle & Co., 1869), 33; see also, Almon Chandler Hopson, Wells,Vermont Historical Magazine,in Abby Maria Hemenway, ed.,The History of Rutland County, Vermont: Civil, Ecclesiastical, Biographical and Military(White River Junction, Vt.: White River Paper Co., 1882), 1191. 258. By February they had arranged to buy the house from Jesse and the 13 1/2 acres of farmland from Emma's father, Isaac Hale. Isaac Hale and James Westfall, Collections of the Connecticut Historical Society,Rolls of Connecticut Men in the French and Indian War, 17551762, 344345. Isaac was born on March 21st, 1763 in New Haven, New Haven, Conn.Isaac's father is Reuben HALE and his mother was Diantha WARD.His paternal grandfather was Samuel HEALD and his paternal grandmother is Judith HODGE; his maternal grandparents were Arah WARD and Phebe TOWNER.He had two brothers and two sisters, named Reuben, Boy, Antha and Naomi.He was the second oldest of the five children. Stowell, Joseph and the other hired men boarded, Vogel, Michael Morse Interview with William W. Blair, 8 May 1879,Early Mormon Documents,4:342. It was while here that Joseph Smith began translating the Book of Mormon from the gold plates. which was then sanctioned by the government.69 Nathaniel Lewis reenlisted in the navy at Sea Brook, Connecticut, where he served until July 22, 1763.70 But after his father, Gershom, died in Litchfield Township October 18, 1766, 27-year-old Nathaniel returned to Guilford to marry Esther Tuttle January 16, 1767. She does not include Levi among the children. Major Bucks father had placed him with the Onondaga people when only eleven years old to learn their language. The hunters came to trade, to sell deer meat, bear meat, wild turkeys, and the like, and to exchange the skins of wild animals for such commodities, as they wished. She remembered they often had a good time. Most settlers along the Susquehanna also acquired some cash through selling their timber downriver which they could use to pay taxes, purchase window glass, nails, cooking implements, and other essentials. 239. He was hunting deer and when near this place saw a young Panther about half grown standing on a fallen tree. Boardable, sense III definitions 8 and 9,Oxford English Dictionary(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991), 341. isaac hale father of emma smithmiss kitty black ink crew net worth isaac hale father of emma smith. When John and Phoebe Comfort moved to Harmony in 1808, built a large sawmill, opened a mercantile institution, farmed hundreds of acres of prime land, and purchased the large Pickering country house, they instantly became not only one of the wealthiest families in the township, but members of this same elite group that established social order and respectability for the rest of their remote mountain valley.When the Comforts joined the Methodists the year after their arrival, during the period when Methodism became Harmonys dominant religion, they became closely allied with the prominent Hale family. And she wrote them of the great city her fellow believers were building called Nauvoo where the entire Hale family could come to live, even if they did not accept her religion.291. The first of Isaac and Elizabeth Hales children to leave were those daughters who had married husbands from outside the community. [11], On March 17, 1842, the Ladies' Relief Society of Nauvoo was formally organized as the women's auxiliary to the church. David Hale expressed some uncertainty as to exactly when his father arrived in the Susquehanna Valley, dating the event to 1787 or thereabout.45 Buck and Hale were still up river at the Onondaga village in July of that year, but resources were quickly used up, leading them to follow the Warrior Path down river in the last months of that year or first months of the next.46 Hale wintered over in the valley, hunting to support himself and probably Daniel Bucks family. 313. Alva was to give each of the other sons $25.00, and the daughters, including Emma, would receive what would be proper. Isaac also requested that he be buried on his own land back of the garden near the line betwixt me and Joseph McKune, Jr.289 Isaac was always a man of solitude, and so it was perhaps natural that he chose not to be crowded in the cemetery a few hundred feet away with all of the other graves, but the spot he selected was right next to the home where his son-in-law Joseph Smith had livedalmost as if he were still protecting his family from that place. Blackman noted, William Smith arrived in the valley the same year as Isaac Hale and occupied the land east of him later purchased by the Westfall family.259 It is possible William Smith was already on the property when Isaac Hale arrived since Pennsylvania surveyed the Smith property early during the Pennamite Warson either July 2, 1784, with Jacob Smiths neighboring tract of land in number 236, or on April 4, 1785 with George Rupers land, part of which was later purchased by Isaac Hale.260 William Smith was sometimes known as Governor with his 364 acres.261 Jacob Smith was sometimes assessed a tax as Joseph Smith but it is not clear if that was his alternate name or the name of his son.This Joseph Smith was first assessed for 434 acres in 1823.262, The similarity in names between this Smith family and Isaacs later son-in-law Joseph Smith has caused some confusion over the years. Nearly two years later, a close friend and non-Mormon,[citation needed] Major Lewis C. Bidamon, proposed marriage and became Emma's second husband on December 23, 1847. Blackman noted that the region is filled with sources of salt, Emily Blackman, Susquehanna County, in William H. Egle, ed.,An Illustrated History of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania(Harrisburg: De Witt C. Goodrich & Co., 1876), 1019. She was the same age as Oliver Cowderys older brother Warren and could name some of the individuals involved with the Rodsmen but was uncertain of Cowdery family involvement. Richard BEST died 2 May 1867 aged 48 years. They were married on January 18, 1827 at South Bainbridge, N.Y. 5 At the Joseph Sr. and Lucy Mack Smith home in Manchester, New York. 147. 78. Short Biographies of Joseph, Emma, and their family, http://mormonhistoricsites.org/subscribe-to-our-publications/, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=brendablack&id=I1806. after I went into the house I saw him troting through th apple tresI saw some people in the road and supposed he was hurrying to get up with themit was pretty near nightnumber of persons came into my house appeared much disturbed, much talk about the murder . 220. This set into motion the events that ultimately led to Joseph's arrest and incarceration in the jail in Carthage, Illinois. While the Hale property changed owners, Pennsylvania sold 9,000 acres of remaining land in the valley to Colonel Timothy Pickering Jr., a Harvard graduate, intellectual, military officer, and politician. The flatter land along the river was initially used for family gardens, but after the famous pumpkin freshet of August 1794, when the river flooded and swept the settlers food supply downriver, settlers grew timothy grass and clover resistant to flooding along the river that provided winter hay for their livestock.112Only a narrow strip of land on the ridge that followed the floodplain on the north side of the river-supported gardens.113. In early 1843, Emma appears to have accepted plural marriage and personally consented to and witnessed Josephs marriages to four women. 283. In December 1827, with financial support from Martin Harris,[1]:8 the couple decided to move to Harmony, where they reconciledto some extentwith Emma's parents. Emma most likely attended the female seminary in Great Bend Township, and she later taught school.2. What had been a small denomination ridiculed by members of the established Churches, a denomination that in Harmony included shouts of praise, falling to the floor in religious ecstasy, and above all direct and immediate answers to prayers, had become the largest denomination in America by 1820. This would explain the August 23, 1877, account reported by theBainbridge Republicanthat relied heavily on William Purples account of Joseph Smiths trial for glass looking, but may have had other sources at its disposal as well. Nancy Mess has suggested Eclectic Man may have been a brother or son of J.W. Joseph received revelation from God to leave Kirtland for the safety of his family, and on January 12, 1838, Joseph left for Missouri. 301. Disagreements erupted between Emma and Brigham Young, President of the Quorum of the Twelve, over the extent to which both the Smith family and the Church had a right to properties in Josephs name and were liable for his debts. 139. The Comforts named their son born May 15, 1811, Isaac Lewis Comfort. Tell us. 137. OnDecember 27, 1828, Jesse Hale assessed a tax on his fathers 130 1/2 acre farm (due to his rounding the figures, they totaled 131 acres). James Deetz,In Small Things Forgotten: An Archaeology of Early American Life(New York: Anchor Books, 1996), 17172. 161. 218. George Ruper owned their land only briefly after he acquired it from Pennsylvania. The amiable Miss Fanny Winters married Benjamin Comfort on May 12, 1829,The Susquehanna Register4, no. 215. Frank M. Eastman,The Law of Taxation in Pennsylvania(Newark, N.J.: Soney & Sage, 1909), 4552. 257. Isaac straightened the original foundation for the log home by adding a wall in front of a previous curved foundation wall on the west side of the cellar.240 He dug out a larger area to expand the cellar with a kitchen in the new basement and added a new foundation on the east side of the cellar which included a stairway so the family could access the basement from bulkhead doors at ground level.241, When the Hales added a rearaddition to their home between 1820 and 1822 to accommodate a ground level kitchen, they did not add a cellar under the new addition.242 The larger space attached to the rear of the home provided enough room for a pantry and kitchen sleeping chamber (the borning room of later generations) in addition to including a kitchen big enough to take care of most of the familys needs with the basement kitchen useful for cooking in the summer months.243. He was defrocked shortly afterward. The rise of the Rodsmen placed Methodists in the community such as Lewis in direct opposition to the local treasure digging culture that had been part of their Connecticut roots. 292. Upon Joseph's death, Emma was left a pregnant widow. Nathaniel Lewis and other Methodist preachers still held their camp meetings in the hollows and forests of the Endless Mountains, where the cries of the penitents were followed by shouts of deliverance.211, Elisha Bibbins and Marmaduke Pearce, brother-in-law to influential Shouting Methodist George Lane, briefly became the circuit riders for the valley in 1812and continued to encourage grove experiences.212They promised the faithful they could receive direct answer to prayer.213 Bibbins was a man of medium size with a prominent nose and benignant eyes who was so successful in his efforts to invite the interested to seek God in prayer that a local hunter found these Shouting Methodists praying in the woods disruptive and insisted they frightened the deer away [as] he came upon praying people everywhere.214.

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