content theories include all of the following theories except:

According to Herzberg, hygiene factors are sources of job satisfaction and motivator factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. To be interested in theory. Job enrichment is one effective strategy; this frequently entails training and rotating employees through different jobs, or adding new challenges. When a person is behaving in a way that satisfies some need, Murray called the need manifest. d) Cells are made up of similar shapes, colors, and sizes. McClellands research differs from Murrays in that McClelland studied three needs in depth: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power (often abbreviated, in turn, as nAch, nAff, and nPow).5 McClelland believes that these three needs are learned, primarily in childhood. Term. Therefore, the more we satisfy our growth need, the more important it becomes and the more strongly we are motivated to satisfy it. They avoid both simple and impossible situations. c) performance is higher with easy goals d.) esteem and physiological. Process theories of motivation attempt to explain this aspect of motivation by focusing on the intensity of motivation as well as its direction. d) Motivation-hygiene theory To avoid pain, physical injury, illness, and death. Manifest needs theory laid the groundwork for later theories, most notably McClellands learned needs theory, that have greatly influenced the study of organizational behavior. Four componentssatisfaction progression, frustration, frustration regression, and aspirationare key to understanding Alderfers ERG theory. c) Social, esteem, self-actualization, physiological, and safety d) Motivation = expectancy X rewards X valence b) organizational policies and administration. Although the New Yorkbased company is still growing, as of October 2017 Bombas had donated more than four million pairs of socks (Bombas 2017). Do you study at Liberty University? Managers often assume that employees do not have certain needs because the employees never try to satisfy them at work. To overcome opposition forcefully. Where would you place that on Maslows hierarchy of needs? psychopharmacology j. c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. Intrinsic rewards satisfy higher-order needs like relatedness and growth in ERG theory. 30. Earrings Depot records bad debt using the allowance, balance sheet method. a.) It basically states that people will do those things for which they are rewarded and will avoid doing things for which they are punished. b) Stajkovic, Locke, and Blair action therapy h. Therapy style that results from combining elements of several different therapy techniques. e) It is not commonly used outside of the United States. true. Abeka speech for every day review quiz 1 Flashcards. Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: contingency. e) less than two needs must be activated at the same time, c) more than one need may be activated at the same time, Which of the following content theories of motivation is associated with the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power? c) hygiene factors involve the work setting or the environment in which people work. Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the highest (higher-order need)? Question 16:- All of the following are content theories except: a) operant conditioning b) SDT theory c) ERG theory d) Motivator/Hygiene theory . Instead, create even more opportunities for employees to satisfy their needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. Motivators, which relate to the jobs we perform and our ability to feel a sense of achievement as a result of performing them, are rooted in our need to experience growth and self-actualization. citation tool such as, Authors: David S. Bright, Anastasia H. Cortes. A. Hierarchy-of-needs B.Two-factor motivation C. Achievement motivation D. Equit y The text focuses on three content theories that have received the greatest amount of attention: the hierarchy-of-needs theory, the two-factor motivation theory, and the achievement motivation theory. The third of McClellands learned needs, the need for power (nPow), is the need to control things, especially other people. Factors inside the person that cause people to perform tasks, intrinsic motivation, arise out of performing a task in and of itself, because it is interesting or fun to do. To speculate, formulate, analyze, and generalize. The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo To attack, injure, or kill another. With its purpose and goals defined, it can then educate the workforce on sustainable methods to create knowledge and competence. The answer is, the success of many organizations is dependent on the nAch levels of their employees.6 This is especially true for jobs that require self-motivation and managing others. The key difference between theories of learning and models of teaching is that theories describe a. explicit strategies. The cell membrane is composed. d) Clayton Alderfer According to Alderfer, which needs reflect a desire for satisfying interpersonal relationships? Which of the following theory has used "General Systems Theory" as a framework for its development? 58. d) People are less comfortable when they are under-rewarded than when they are over-rewarded. Identify situational conditions. b) Physiological C) an effort toward creating goals. On the other hand, there is some evidence that people satisfy the lower-order needs before they attempt to satisfy higher-order needs. d. Appraisal of the empirical evidence for and against the selected theory for the case at hand. d) improving hygiene factors will prevent people from being dissatisfied. d.) self-actualization Why is this? a. d) It holds that people try to resolve the inequities they perceive they are experiencing. 48. Sustainability should be tied to a higher purpose and foster a sense of unity not simply among employees, but even with competition at a societal level (Knowledge @ Wharton 2016). Maslow condensed human needs into a manageable set. Sustainability should be visible both within and outside the company. They want to know whether they have achieved or not. To adhere and remain loyal to a friend. e) Motivation = expectancy + rewards + valence, a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence, The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when __________. Task feedback, or knowledge of results, overwhelms employees with information and reduces employee motivation toward higher performance. To draw near and enjoyably cooperate or reciprocate with an allied other (another who resembles the subject or who likes the subject). On the other hand, SDT would suggest that to enhance intrinsic motivation on jobs that are interesting, dont focus only on increasing extrinsic rewards (like large pay bonuses). We say these people have a high achievement motive. Second, once we have satisfied a need, it ceases to motivate us. Once satisfied, employees will be motivated to build esteem and respect through their work achievements. Content theories of work motivation include all of the following except the _____ theory. Process theories of motivation focus on which of the following? Jobs that pay well and that are performed in safe, clean working conditions with adequate supervision and resources directly or indirectly satisfy these lower-order needs. e) Esteem, relationships, and growth, 64. e) base wage or salary. According to Orem each of the four constituent theories within the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory include all of the following,EXCEPT: ( Multiple Choice) Question 9. These are expectations for Mintzberg's interpersonal role of ____. c.) An individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives. a.) They do it because it is intrinsically motivating; the hobby satisfies needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. But, once those esteem needs are satisfied, Maslow predicted that self-actualization needs would dominate. b) only two needs may be activated at the same time b) hygiene factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. a) The multiplier effect is still in question. c) sense of responsibility. individual. b) self esteem The need for affiliation (nAff) reflects a desire to establish and maintain warm and friendly relationships with other people. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. an individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives. Henry A. Murray recognized this problem and condensed the list into a few instinctive and learned needs.3 Instincts, which Murray called primary needs, include physiological needs for food, water, sex (procreation), urination, and so on. Such needs may exist (latent needs); the work environment is simply not conducive to their manifestation (manifest needs). b.) a) Hygiene factors include achievement and recognition. In the context of motivation, persistence refers to __________. a) The theory may be method bound. Research indicates that general goals are much more motivational than specific goals. b) satisfier factors c) David McClelland The first of these, satisfaction progression, is in basic agreement with Maslows process of moving through the needs. The theory of evolution is one of the fundamental keystones of modern biological theory.. Describe a content theory of motivation. Alderfers model is potentially more useful than Maslows in that it doesnt create false motivational categories. d) power b) Self-actualization and esteem e) Less difficult goals are more likely to lead to higher performance than are more difficult goals. the consequences of an individual's behavior. Needs can also be satisfied at some point but become active (dissatisfied) again. c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. d) an employee's responsibility to request that their managers develop need profiles required for success in different jobs d) Existence, relatedness, and goals Could we detect that need from her current behavior? e) relatedness factors. b) Higher-order needs become less important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. b) Esteem a) Acquired needs theory To have sexual intercourse. b. ERG theory. a) ERG theory collapses Maslow's five need levels into two need categories. e) Growth, According to ERG, ____________ needs reflect a desire for continued personal development. Definition. With regards to motivation, which of the following best defines direction? reflection g. A therapy that uses secondary reinforcements to change behavior. There are four major process theories: (1) operant conditioning, (2) equity, (3) goal, and (4) expectancy. To accept injury, blame, criticism, punishment. To conceal or justify a misdeed, failure, or humiliation. Once satisfied, we focus on our ego and esteem needs. abeka curriculum controversy. To master, manipulate, or organize physical objects, human beings, or ideas. A manifest need is whatever need is motivating us at a given time. According to Suppes, all of the following are functions of theory except a. organizing specific data. 54. Competition should be encouraged among employees to find and embrace new goals. They want others to respond to their wishes whether or not it is good for the organization. Once satisfied, challenging jobs, additional responsibilities, and prestigious job titles can help employees satisfy higher-order esteem needs. Which statement about acquired needs theory is correct? e) the consequences of an individual's behavior, b) the amount of effort a person puts forth. e) Hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. In contrast, if high-nAff people perform jobs in isolation from other people, they will be less motivated to perform well. What is the bad debt estimation for the year using the balance sheet method? An example of commutative justice occurs when all parties in a sexual harassment complaint perceive themselves as having full access to all the available facts and information. Exhibit 14.6 shows how Maslows theory relates to factors that organizations can influence. Achievement needs become manifest when individuals experience certain types of situations. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: b) Equity Concept related to Betty Neuman's System Model of Nursing is: A. To give sympathy and gratify the needs of a helpless object: an infant or any object that is weak, disabled, tired, inexperienced, infirm, defeated, humiliated, lonely, dejected, sick, or mentally confused. To praise, honor, or eulogize. b) the amount of effort a person puts forth. b) Feelings of inequity are determined solely by the individual's interpretation of the situation. Whatever their perspective, most people have a cause that they are passionate about. Vroom's expectancy theory argues that work motivation is determined by an individual's beliefs regarding the linkage between effort and performance, the linkage between performance and work outcomes, and the value placed on those work outcomes. But not all companies battle such low engagement rates. d) all three needs may not be activated at the same time e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. McClelland describes three major characteristics of high-nAch people: Why is nAch important to organizational behavior? 50. High-nAch people are not motivated by tasks that are too easy or extremely difficult. As a result, they perform better in jobs that require teamwork. c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards c) internalized negative inequity When we are hungry, for example, our need for food has been energized. (After all, doesnt everyone want to be paid well? Management by objectives is criticized for placing too much emphasis on all of the following EXECPT: e) Hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. the amount of effort a person puts forth. We strive to make the need disappear. Forming humanistic-altruistic value system . 49. a) Lower-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. a. b) Motivator factors include a sense of achievement, recognition, and responsibility. To exclude, abandon, expel, or remain indifferent to an inferior object. 53. c) leaving the situation. In fact, around the 1920s, some 6,000 human needs had been identified by behavioral scientists! The genetic theory of aging states that lifespan is largely determined by the genes we inherit. As a manager at Icon International, Nicole is driven by a personal sense of competence, respect from others, and recognition through various awards. With no trains running, MTA employees are able to inspect signals, replace rails and crossties, scrape track floors, clean stations, and paint areas that are not reachable during normal train operation. These precepts from SDT are entirely consistent with earlier discussions of theories by McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg. A person can resolve perceived negative inequity by doing all of the following EXCEPT: b) It is best known through the work of J. Stacy Adams. a) pay Successful managers tend to be high in this type of nPow. He called the first set motivators (or growth needs). esteem They represent a continuing process of self-development and self-improvement that, once satisfied on one dimension (painting), create motivation to continue on other dimensions (sculpting). Clearly one of the most influential motivation theories throughout the 1950s and 1960s was Frederick Herzbergs motivator-hygiene theory.14 This theory is a further refinement of Maslows theory. It doesnt matter whether the information implies success or failure. Jason Mackenzie Alexander argues morality is a form of social technology - it is context specific and it can go out-of-date So what motivates employees to give their all, work creatively, and be fully engaged? insight therapies a. To ask or answer general questions. d) the different needs that an individual is trying to satisfy 66. Manny is classified as driven by a need for: d) The presence of motivator factors in a job contributes to a person's job performance. b) It should be consistent across different cultures. b) the amount of effort a person puts forth c) Safety, self-actualization, and social c) hygiene factors involve the work setting or the environment in which people work. c) People with a high need for affiliation like attention and recognition. McClellands research is important because much of current thinking about organizational behavior is based on it. e) feeling of personal growth. Two features of needs are key to understanding motivation. Refinements of Maslows theory in recent years reflect this more limited hierarchy.11 The self-assessment below will allow you to evaluate the strength of your five needs. Rays beginning and ending accounts receivables balances are $147,990 and$142,720, respectively. But most of us dont steal. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Genetic Theory of Aging. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Other companies have made social responsibility an everyday part of what they do. In McClelland's motivation theory, the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power are developed over time, as a result of life experiences. e) relatedness, According to McClelland, someone with a high need for _________ is drawn to interpersonal relationships and opportunities for communication. b) perceived positive inequity Match leadership to the conditions at hand. Operant Conditioning Theory Operant conditioning theory is the simplest of the motivation theories. The need for achievement varies in intensity across individuals. When nAch is being expressed, making it a manifest need, people try hard to succeed at whatever task theyre doing. Exhibit 14.6 illustrates Maslows proposed hierarchy of needs. Otherwise, a manager high in nPow may satisfy this need through acquisition of personal power, to the detriment of the organization. For example, by providing adequate pay, safe working conditions, and cohesive work groups, employers help employees satisfy their lower-order needs. Orem believes there are two types of human beings: those who need nursing care and those who produce it. e) Frederick Herzberg. See Answer. A common perception about people who perform unskilled jobs is that they are unmotivated and content doing what they are doing. In this case, Alderfers third component, frustration regression, can cause us to shift our attention to a previously satisfied, more concrete, and verifiable need. c) top-down goals. To quit embarrassing situations or to avoid conditions that may lead to belittlement or the scorn or indifference of others. b) valence Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe motivator factors in the two-factor theory? Many organizations manage the achievement needs of their employees poorly. e) organizational justice, ___________ is the degree to which all people are treated the same under a policy. b) instrumentality is high and expectancy and valence are low Learned needs, which Murray called secondary needs, are learned throughout ones life and are basically psychological in nature. The Anti-Immigration Protests Q9 - All of the following are policy/program implications from rational theories EXCEPT: c) supervision. How does this pay structure relate to self-determination theory (SDT)? e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. A PURCHASE DOES NOT INCREASE YOUR CHANCES OF WINNING. To accomplish something difficult. e) The theory fails and does not clearly categorize salary. According to Maslow, Nicole is driven by which of these needs? Long since displaced by more refined theories, hedonism clarifies the idea that needs provide direction for motivation. e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. b) safety. d) working conditions. 59. It focuses on employee motivation,. d) valences ( True False) Question 10. e) ERG, 68. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written 4. The Anti-Immigration Protests. That is, SDT posits that extrinsic rewards not only do not provide intrinsic motivation, they diminish it.

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