which software was the first available for microcomputers quizlet

The banking industry rushed to adopt the machine, built to run during repair or expansion. The first VAIO, a desktop computer, featured an additional 3D interface on top of the Windows 95 operating system as a way of attracting new users. It was also repeatedly expanded and improved throughout its 13-year lifespan. It was transferred to the Department of Physics at the University of Melbourne in 1955 and remained in service until 1964. The Nova was first to employ medium-scale integration (MSI) circuits from Fairchild Semiconductor, with subsequent models using large-scale integrated (LSI) circuits. It was a commercial computer based on a microprocessor, the Intel 8008. (D) Most of those individuals and companies that could be expected to make up the potential market for the Regent microcomputer have already filled their microcomputer needs. Operators directed actions by touching a light gun to the SAGE airspace display. An ecologist, for example, could sprinkle thousands of motes from the air onto a field and measure soil and air temperature, moisture, and sunlight, giving them accurate real-time data about the environment. What is the best statement about your choice of a microcontroller for the project? The new chip made graphical operating environments for IBM PC and PC-compatible computers practical. A. Zuse later supervised a reconstruction of the Z3 in the 1960s, which is currently on display at the Deutsches Museum in Munich. The TRS-80 proved popular with schools, as well as for home use. When was the word "computer" first used? It was originally created for a nuclear missile design project in 1949 by a team led by Fred Steele. The boss wants it to have a complex user interface with a time display, touch panel buttons and accurate timing for the toast cycle. He founded Sublogic after graduating from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1977, and released the first version of Flight Simulator for the Apple II in 1979. Spreadsheet Applications that came as part of the package included MacPaint, which made use of the mouse, and MacWrite, which demonstrated WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) word processing. Their first program, consisting of seventeen instructions and written by Kilburn, ran on June 21st, 1948. the _____ screen is the first screen displayed. Columbia Supercomputer system made up of SGI Altix. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? Assessment instruments may have lower reliability and validity when used with non-native English speakers. With an order for 50 assembled systems from Mountain View, California computer store The Byte Shop in hand, the pair started a new company, naming it Apple Computer, Inc. The Nest would remember what temperature users preferred by training itself to monitor daily use patterns for a few days then adopting that pattern as its new way of controlling home temperature. Accept data (input) 2. 0.5 out of 0.5 points. 1951. Gates and Allen started Microsoftoriginally called Micro-Soft, for microprocessors and. Led by curator Doron Swade the team built Babbages machine in six years, using techniques that would have been available to Babbage at the time, proving that Babbages design was accurate and that it could have been built in his day. Bruce Arthur Artwick (born January 1, 1953) [1] is an American software engineer. The first IBM system to include Intels 80386 chip, the company ships more than 1 million units by the end of the first year. It also included more memory and accommodated high-density 1.2-megabyte 5 1/4-inch floppy disks. VTech, founded in Hong Kong, had been a manufacturer of Pong-like games and educational toys when they introduce the Laser 128 computer. Nine of the computers, which featured dozens of advanced design innovations, were sold, mainly to national laboratories and major scientific users. The handwriting recognition software was much maligned for inaccuracy. This very small home computer is available in the UK as a kit for 79 or pre-assembled for 99. Cuthbert Hurd (standing) and Thomas Watson, Sr. at IBM 701 console. selecting effective instructional software. It could also share files and print out documents on an advanced Xerox laser printer. The C64, as it is better known, sells for $595, comes with 64 KB of RAM and features impressive graphics. Also known inside IBM as the Defense Calculator," the 701 rented for $15,000 a month. Minuteman missiles use transistorized computers to continuously calculate their position in flight. Scientific and defense applications included studies of human electrophysiology, nuclear weapon simulation, human genome mapping, and global climate change. When connected to a color television set, the Apple II produced brilliant color graphics for the time. Leaving Palm Inc., Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins found Handspring. When the Minuteman I was decommissioned, some universities received these computers for use by students. The IAS computer was designed for scientific calculations and it performed essential work for the US atomic weapons program. The 1101, designed by ERA but built by Remington-Rand, was intended for high-speed computing and stored 1 million bits on its magnetic drum, one of the earliest magnetic storage devices and a technology which ERA had done much to perfect in its own laboratories. The Altair 8800, produced by Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS) and invented by Ed Roberts, was originally sold as a kit. The First Microcomputer: Altair 8800. Paragon systems were used in many scientific areas, including atmospheric and oceanic flow studies, and energy research. What is a key technological infrastructure resource for online teaching? True/False True The most controversial changes to Windows in Windows 8 were the GUI. The VAIO line of computers would be best known for laptops were designed with communications and audio-video capabilities at the forefront, including innovative designs that incorporated TV and radio tuners, web cameras, and handwriting recognition. An electronic machine operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can: 1. Software Which two kinds of software are designed primarily for use by individuals rather than by groups of students? These tables were later confirmed by using more modern computers for the actual flights. Commodore releases the VIC-20 home computer as the successor to the Commodore PET personal computer. Designed by British engineer Tommy Flowers, the Colossus is designed to break the complex Lorenz ciphers used by the Nazis during World War II. Typically, computer users of the time fed their programs into a computer using punched cards or paper tape. Millions of Apple IIs were sold between 1977 and 1993, making it one of the longest-lived lines of personal computers. In October 1961, the Navy tested the NTDS on the USS Oriskany carrier and the USS King and USS Mahan frigates. A series of pulleys transported continuous rolls of punched paper tape containing possible solutions to a particular code. His daughter named the new machine after the star Altair. The inside of the Amiga case is engraved with the signatures of the Amiga designers, including Jay Miner as well as the paw print of his dog Mitchy. This high performance processor found its place in powerful work stations intended for graphics-intensive programs common in engineering. The 386 chip brought with it the introduction of a 32-bit architecture, a significant improvement over the 16-bit architecture of previous microprocessors. The Treo sold well, and the line continued until Handspring was purchased by Palm in 2003. Scelbi aimed the 8H, available both in kit form and fully assembled, at scientific, electronic, and biological applications. The Nova line of computers continued through the 1970s, and influenced later systems like the Xerox Alto and Apple 1. That same year in Germany, engineer Konrad Zuse built his Z2 computer, also using telephone company relays. System/360 is a major event in the history of computing. Since the release of the Macintosh in 1984, Apple has placed emphasis on high-resolution graphics and display technologies. These microcomputers were often sold as "DIY" kits or pre-built machines in relatively small numbers in the mid-1970s.These systems were primarily used for teaching the use of microprocessors and supporting peripheral devices, and unlike home computers were rarely used with pre-written application software. What kind of software tool are Notebook and ActivInspire examples of? The Macintosh was the first successful mouse-driven computer with a graphical user interface and was based on the Motorola 68000 microprocessor. Plans for the Mark-8 cost $5 and the blank circuit boards were available for $50. Twitter is an example of which web-based collaboration resource? Many of the 1101s basic architectural details were used again in later Remington-Rand computers until the 1960s. Which kind of software tool would a teacher choose in order to develop a test item bank? central processing unit (cpu) computers brain. A microcomputer contains a microprocessor (a central processing unit on a microchip ), memory in the form of read-only memory and random access memory , . VisiCalc was released in 1979 and quickly became a must-have tool for business users. Because of its speed, small size, and reasonable cost, the PDP-8 was sold by the thousands to manufacturing plants, small businesses, and scientific laboratories around the world. Over the next few years, the basic design of the IAS machine was copied in at least 17 places and given similar-sounding names, for example, the MANIAC at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory; the ILLIAC at the University of Illinois; the Johnniac at The Rand Corporation; and the SILLIAC in Australia. FoxBase is a database management system and programming language developed by Fox Software in the mid-1980s. It is recognized by the 2006 Guinness Book of World Records as the greatest selling single computer of all time. Physicist Stan Frankel, intrigued by small, general-purpose computers, developed the MINAC at Caltech. In 1973, after selling only 40 machines, Kenbak Corporation closed its doors. It was based on a graphical user interface using windows, icons, and a mouse, and worked together with other Altos over a local area network. C. Online retailer Amazon released the Kindle, one of the first to gain a large following among consumers. There is an inconsistency between states in the classification of ELL students. It managed Japan's first on-line, real-time reservation system for Kinki Nippon Railways in 1960. The first large commercial computers to use integrated circuits, RCA highlights the IC's advantage over IBMs custom SLT modules. Started by a group of engineers that left Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), Data General designs the Nova minicomputer. Designed by John V. Blankenbaker using standard medium-- and small-scale integrated circuits, the Kenbak-1 relied on switches for input and lights for output from its 256-byte memory. This free, public set of lectures inspired the EDSAC, BINAC, and, later, IAS machine clones like the AVIDAC. They did. Some of its other innovations were the inclusion of a magneto-optical (MO) disk drive, a digital signal processor and the NeXTSTEP programming environment (later released as OPENSTEP). The PROMs What made the Sacramento State computer both so unique--and so expensive--was the programmable read-only memory on its motherboard. Three types of the M3 were available two types that measured either temperature or pressure and one that could take images. He is the creator of the first consumer flight simulator software. The company sold about 200 machines, losing $500 per unit. That means if you want to get started collecting microcomputers, knowing which system to go for first can be overwhelming. "Best study app ever! A commercial version of Alan Turing's Pilot ACE, called DEUCEthe Digital Electronic Universal Computing Engine -- is used mostly for science and engineering problems and a few commercial applications. At the 2006 World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) announces it will create a program to deliver technology and resources to targeted schools in the least developed countries. The first companies to produce a specific type of program had good sales even though they did little promotion and their programs were not "userfriendly." It seems that many of these "innovators . Astronauts communicated with the computer by punching two-digit codes into the display and keyboard unit (DSKY). Created by Presper Eckert and John Mauchly -- designers of the earlier ENIAC computer -- the Univac 1 used 5,200 vacuum tubes and weighed 29,000 pounds. A later version of that machine became the PDP-8, the first commercially successful minicomputer. The line was discontinued less than two years later. Its base price was $6,500. The Paragon at Caltech was named the fastest supercomputer in the world in 1992. Franklin was able to undercut Apple's pricing even while offering some features not available on the original. Colossus reduced the time to break Lorenz messages from weeks to hours. The PowerBook 170 was the high-end model, featuring an active matrix display, faster processor, as well as a floating point unit. The LEO was Englands first commercial computer and was performing useful work before any other commercial computer system in the world. Used for science and engineering as well as simple data processing, the LGP-30 was a bargain at less than $50,000 and an early example of a personal computer, that is, a computer made for a single user. Xerox wasnt interested. Reduced instruction set computers (RISC) grow out of the observation that the simplest 20 percent of a computers instruction set does 80 percent of the work. With a distinctive anodized aluminum case, and hailed as the first true 64-bit personal computer, the Apple G5 is the most powerful Macintosh ever released to that point. An offshoot of the POWER XCell8i chip was used as the main processor in the Sony PlayStation 3 game console. Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins. The Apple Mac computer running the Mac OS System 1 was the first commercially available computer with a graphical user interface. One of the earliest and most popular pieces of software for microcomputers was the VisiCalc spreadsheet program. Introduced at the Altair Convention in Albuquerque in March 1976, the visual display module enabled the use of personal computers for interactive games. Designed to replace the 32-bit VAX architecture, the Alpha is a 64-bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessor. Virginia Tech used more than a thousand PowerMac G5s to create the System X cluster supercomputer, rated #3 in November of that year on the worlds TOP500 fastest computers. The IBM PC was widely copied (cloned) and led to the creation of a vast ecosystem of software, peripherals, and other commodities for use with the platform. There are many stand-alone utility programs available as an alternative to the operating system'sutility programs. Under the direction of engineer Dr. Paul Friedl, the Special Computer APL Machine Portable (SCAMP) personal computer prototype is developed at IBM's Los Gatos and Palo Alto, California laboratories. Intel released the 80486 microprocessor and the i860 RISC/coprocessor chip, each of which contained more than 1 million transistors. The Amiga sold for $1,295 (without monitor) and had audio and video capabilities beyond those found in most other personal computers. What is the function of an IEP generator? SABRE is a joint project between American Airlines and IBM. Apple enters the handheld computer market with the Newton. Apple introduces the Macintosh with a television commercial during the 1984 Super Bowl, which plays on the theme of totalitarianism in George Orwells book 1984. During the 1980s and early 1990s, ____ was the dominant operating system for microcomputers. System control was provided through the Atlas Supervisor, which some consider to be the first true operating system. The PROMs contained a disk operating system, allowing. With a peak speed of over a petaflop (one thousand trillion calculations per second), the Tianhe 1 (translation: Milky Way 1) is developed by the Chinese National University of Defense Technology using Intel Xeon processors combined with AMD graphic processing units (GPUs). What type of integration strategy is a teacher using when she has her students link up with local writers who critique the students' stories and email them feedback before their work is finalized and posted online? False Drivers are used to communicate with peripheral devices such as monitors, printers, and keyboards. What can both teachers and students create to make a visual record their skill development over time? The Mark 1 was a refinement of the experimental Manchester Baby and Manchester Mark 1 computers, also at Manchester University. The trio soon attracted UC Berkeley UNIX guru Bill Joy, who led software development. In 1987, the year after Microsoft went public, 31-year-old Gates became the world's youngest billionaire. workstations. Conceived by Harvard physics professor Howard Aiken, and designed and built by IBM, the Harvard Mark 1 is a room-sized, relay-based calculator.

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