average wind speed at 30,000 feet

The temperature of the troposphere falls at high altitudes. low pressure. V ector functions are used to average wind direction and can be used to compute a type. For wind speeds to use throughout the year in design, however, I'd think it would be best to use government data for the specific area I will be flying (Space Port America, in Truth and Consequences NM, in this case). "Each individual aircraft has an optimum altitude (for minimum cost or minimum fuel burn) which will be based on its individual weight," explains Peter Terry, a commercial airline pilot of 30 years. Click the image to see a larger version (177KB). The thin air creates less drag on the aircraft, which means the plane can use less fuel in order to maintain speed. The maps also indicate two components of wind direction: U-wind represents the east-west component of wind and V-wind represents Note: Beaufort cannot be entered because it would result in a range of numbers. temperature difference at the surface level is designed to give pilots this The record altitude for a jet plane is 123,520 feet, set by Alexandr Fedotov in 1997 flying a military Soviet MiG-25M. Models & Tools c. 773507 means the wind direction is from 270 (i.e., west), the wind speed is 135 knots, and the temperature is minus 7C. multitude of altitudes from the current time until multiple days in the 5/16/17. 0. Also, Boulder 91mph. The graphic for Move the marker on the wind map and check the forecast for the selected place. indicating the perceived additional altitude of the runway rather than the On average, you fall 200 feet per second during a skydive. 1.) RE: Winds At 30-35.000 Feet #10496645 BY Buff - Wed Nov 22, 2000 11:19 am It isn't so much winds as windshear that creates high altitude clear air turbulence, or the rate of change of windspeed/direction over a given distance. Interval. Longmont 66mph. NEWS AND VIEWS. 77 mph: Nov. 18, 2015. The wind resource map shows the predicted mean annual wind speeds at an 80-m height, presented at a spatial resolution of about 2 kilometers that is interpolated to a finer scale for display. In every mile after the first, the curvature downwards from the point T increases as the square of the distance multiplied by 8 inches. low values and require longer runway lengths before an aircraft may lift off The stratosphere is a relatively peaceful place in average winds terms but there would only need to be a week of 100Kt winds and the UAS is a few hundred miles away possibly unable to get back. Wiring. Date. Here's how it worked out, Bargain hunt: The 20 all-time best-value destinations, Six of the best airport locations to explore while you wait, There is no cure for jet lag. Thanks. (warmer) than standard temperature (See Fig. Of all the counties in New Mexico . This graph shows that a 13 mph average wind speed at the top of a 30 foot tower would increase to 15.1 mph at 80 feet, 15.5 mph at 100 feet and 15.9 mph at 120 feet. pilots may find this altitude requires a much longer runway distance to gain From 18,000 feet, its about 90 seconds. "That is as much for environmental reasons such as noise as it is for safety.". Within the tool, click the Overview link in the upper right for information about the maps. Q: What Is Average Wind Speed? Is being an expat the ultimate travel experience? "There is a trade-off between fuel efficiency and power," he said. The number has entered aviation lexicon as the catch-all height at which most aircraft travel from A to B. Seemingly Small Things Booklet $ 3.49. Most commercial aircraft are approved to fly at a maximum of around 42,000 feet. By examining the maps, you can identify months of unusually high or low wind speeds, or check the U-wind and V-wind components to look for changes in wind direction. Oregon 22-895 Magnum Gatorline Square Trimmer Line .095-Inch by 685-Foot. Note that these are merely a forecast and local wind direction and speed can vary widely. fox hill country club membership cost. Very low wind speeds do not receive a If the weather conditions on a given day The records extend up to 2014, the last time the database was updated. The Gospel at 30,000 feet by Dieter F. Uchtdorf. High wind conditions refer to sustained gusts of 21 to 25 miles per hour, which may blow around loose objects such as garden furniture. The maps also indicate two components of wind direction: U-wind represents the east-west component of wind and V-wind represents The speed of sound is not a constant, but depends on altitude (or actually the temperature at that altitude). . 06 hr Wind Speed Forecast Chart for Great Falls, MT. Why not 1,000 or 15,000, etc.? What Is the Difference Between Airspeed and Ground Speed? Wind shear is best described as a change in wind direction or speed over a short distance. Normals were provided by the National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, NC. Note: Beaufort cannot be entered because it would result in a range of numbers. Why Do Planes Fly At 35,000 Feet? Areas with annual average wind speeds around 6.5 meters per second and greater at an 80-m height are generally considered to have a wind resource suitable for wind development. Heres a quick refresher on how to estimate wind speed at your location. The Law of Love. The spinning rotors of the kite turbines would convert the winds kinetic energy to electricity and send it back down the wire 30,000 feet to a distribution grid. The Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere each have a polar jet and a subtropical jet. The commitment to 30,000 MW30 gigawatts (GW)by 2030 is huge and important in and of itself. Average annual wind speed (miles per hour and kilometres per hour) City MPH KPH Charlotte, North Carolina 7.4 11.9 Chicago, Illinois 10.3 16.6 Cincinnati, Ohio 9.0 14.5 Cleveland, Ohio 10.5 16.9 13 more rows Altitudes are true altitude in feet MSL up to 12,000'. It landed 48 minutes early in the capital city of England. Before 2006, few wind turbines were as tall as 280 feet. A typical day in mid-summer may show a value of temperature regularly hovers around -50 to -55C no matter where in the country But the plan also envisions this first stage unlock [ing] a pathway to 110 GW by 2050 Climate (2010Present) Melbourne Airport (0km) Take a look at our website widgetsAvailable free! Highest speed. Extreme wind is anything over 58mph and is usually accompanied by severe weather. Common to both graphics is the wind speed, which is contoured and color-filled Brand: Shindaiwa. "Concorde flew at much higher altitudes 50,000/60,000 feet where there were no other aircraft and so were able to cruise climb [that is keep climbing].". Ships from and sold by Amazon.com. At around 3,000 feet (900 meters) above sea level, the average wind speed is around 20-25 knots (23-29 mph). Falling from 30,000 feet, youre likely to reach terminal velocity at 190 km (118 miles) per hour. Forecast hour. The average wind speeds indicated on this map are model-derived estimates that may not represent the true wind resource at any given location. That jet, a Boeing 787-9 Dreamliner, cruised at speeds as high as 801 mph over central Pennsylvania, according to live flight-tracking website FlightAware.com. Sometimes this type of windshear generated turbulence extends to lower (<15,000') levels. Sometimes this type of windshear generated turbulence extends to lower (<15,000') levels. Gnomon Answer has 2 Index - Atpl Campus PDF CE261 DYNAMICS-Problems Fall 09 Depending on the average wind speed in the area, a wind turbine rated in the range of 5 to 15 kW would be required to make a significant contribution to this demand. Average annual wind speed (miles per hour and kilometres per hour) City MPH KPH Charlotte, North Carolina 7.4 11.9 Chicago, Illinois 10.3 16.6 Cincinnati, Ohio 9.0 14.5 Cleveland, Ohio 10.5 16.9 13 more rows 81kts Rocky Flats. Seemingly Small Things Booklet $ 3.49. When we talk about wind, this is what's actually being measured. See also: The reason you always board a plane from the left side, See also: The real reason cabin lights are dimmed for take-off and landing. A. Just enter a wind speed measured at a . Altitudes are true altitude in feet MSL up to 12,000'. Areas with good exposure to prevailing winds and annual average wind speeds around 4 meters per second and greater at a 30-m height are generally considered to have a suitable wind resource for small wind projects. The New York City area wasn't the only location that set records for the highest wind speed at the 250-millibar pressure level in the atmosphere. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Should something bad happen to an aircraft at 35,000 feet, like losing power in its engines, the pilot has much longer to deal with the situation, than if the aircraft was just at 10,000 feet. CALCULATOR. $39.97 $ 39. It should be noted that, in the past, weather balloons sometimes missed the very highest winds in the atmosphere because the balloons were traveling so fast that they ended up too close to the horizon for location-tracking technology to keep track of them. Small wind turbines are typically installed between 15 and 40 m high. A new wind speed record for the 250-millibar pressure level was set Sunday morning in Amarillo, Texas, at 199 mph. Information on wind speed and patterns is integral to the fields of renewable energy, climate change, and weather preparedness. In Stock. Home. This graph shows that a 13 mph average wind speed at the top of a 30 foot tower would increase to 15.1 mph at 80 feet, 15.5 mph at 100 feet and 15.9 mph at 120 feet. Obviously, these don't apply to take-off and landing when aircraft are in controlled flight paths. Winds/Temps Plots Click on map for access to plots Winds/Temps Data Click on map to access text data for each region GiflHT CUNARD LINER QUEEN MARY GROSS WEIGHT 80,773 TONS HOST LUXURIOUS SHIP AFLOAT LONDON, March 24. and correct their course to account for changes in wind speed and direction. The Wind Speed Anomaly maps show where average wind speed was slower (blue) or faster (red) than the recent 30-year average. 03:56 PM Mountain| When the airplane is at an elevation of 30,000 feet, passengers can see a big-picture view of the landscape from a window. Wind speed typically increases with altitude and increases over open areas without windbreaks such as trees or buildings. Have been out on our Catalina 310 in 30-35kts winds with 5-6 feet seas. Go to the U.S. Wind Climatology site and use the pull down menus to select a year and month. What Is the Difference Between Airspeed and Ground Speed? and will be moving at a constant speed. Each airplane has an optimal cruising altitude range that is the best tradeoff of speed and fuel efficiency. This site offers maps showing average monthly wind speed and direction for the contiguous United States from 1979 to the present. This event seems to be a combination of an exceptionally strong jet stream and an improved observing system that captured it better than we might have in the past," said Bob Henson, meteorologist and climate blogger at Weather Underground. Average Wind Speed by Month. The fastest wind speed not related to tornadoes ever recorded was during the passage of Tropical Cyclone Olivia on 10 April 1996: an automatic weather station on Barrow Island, Australia, registered a maximum wind gust of 408 km/h (220 kn; 253 mph; 113 m/s). Knowing the difference in atmospheric pressure from one location to another enabled scientists to program the model to compute wind speeds. Jet engines have the ability to be give more power when the density of air is very low (like at 30,000 feet). Moderators: richierich, ua900, PanAm_DC10, hOMSaR, Military Aircraft 2023 Spotter Talks. For example, for the double-decker Airbus A380 'superjumbo' quadjet, this ceiling is 43,000 feet. Home. Since the plane was moving 240 mph. wind speed (m/s) area (m2) 1) density of air 1.2 kg/m3 1 m/s = 3.6 km/h = 196.85 ft/min = 2.237 mph 1 Pa = 1 N/m2 = 1.4504x10-4 psi (lb/in2) Example - Hurricane Wind Load acting on a Wall Surface A hurricane with wind speed 35 m/s is acting on a 10 m2 wall. 1418 West King Street West York, Pa, The troposphere that is the atmospheric layer closest to the ground is home to most of the world's weather phenomenons. Curvature of Earth. Rank within a Distance of a Point. I have loved a pretty girl. Blackmore recalled a Feb. 3, 2007, event in which the 7 a.m. EST weather balloon launched from Sterling, Virginia, measured a wind speed of 258 mph at about 34,000 feet. Determine the air temperature (in [K]), air pressure (in [Pa]) and air density (in [kg/m3]) at this altitude, according to the standard atmosphere. This page uses up-to-date information from NOAA National Weather Service, Aviation Digital Data Service (ADDS), Leidos Flight services, and Weather Underground . "Now, with the Radiosonde Replacement System GPS radiosondes (weather balloons), a complete and accurate wind profile can be measured for the entire sounding.". Privacy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy. average wind speed at 30,000 feet. The average temperature at 9,144 meters (30,000 feet) in the sky ranges between from -40 C to -57 C (-40 F to -70 F). I've spent a lot of time looking into this and it looks like data like this exists, but I haven't quite found it in a format I understand yet. line created for every interval of 5 degrees C (See Fig. Altitude depends on the type of engines mounted on the plane. should simplify a pilots flight preparations. average wind speed at 30,000 feet. The graphics called temperature difference are rather unique on ADDS. Thus, for example, the wind forecast for Abilene (ABI) at 30,000 feet, shown above as 7603, indicates a forecast wind of 260 degrees at 103 knots (76-50=26 or 260, and speed became 100+03=103). All 1-hourly 3-hourly 6-hourly 12-hourly 24-hourly. Most commercial aircraft are approved to fly at a maximum of around 42,000 feet. How much is the temperature in 30000 feet? The U.S. map shows the predicted mean annual wind speeds at an 80-m height, presented at a spatial resolution of 2.5 kilometers that is interpolated to a finer scale. : explainlikeimfive. NWS Please contact the FAA for more information on pilot briefings or. Contact Us | Average annual wind speed (miles per hour and kilometres per hour) City MPH KPH; Atlanta, Georgia: 9.1: 14.6: Austin, Texas: 8.5: Thus, for example, the wind forecast for Abilene (ABI) at 30,000 feet, shown above as 7603, indicates a forecast wind of 260 degrees at 103 knots (76-50=26 or 260, and speed became It was amazing. This means that aeroplanes usually fly between 5 to 7 miles up in the air. Why do pilots prefer to fly at 36000 feet? In most locations, these records include more than 40,000 balloon launches over the years. Right now, I figure the best way to model the wind directly before flying is to measure it on the ground and extrapolate upwards. Multiple locations were found. As a reimagining of an iconic episode, The Twilight Zone's "Nightmare at 30,000 Feet" stars Adam Scott as investigative journalist Justin Sanderson, who desperately wants to avert a disaster by taking matters into his own hands. That is the strongest wind on record at this altitude for the New York City area. Nederland 79mph. enter the departure value rather than the actual temperature so this chart c. 7735-07 means the wind direction is from 270 (i.e., west), the wind speed is 135 knots, and the temperature is minus 7C. Local, National, & Global Daily Weather Forecast | AccuWeather The spinning rotors of the kite turbines would convert the winds kinetic energy to electricity and send it back down the wire 30,000 feet to a distribution grid. Less wind resistance, more power, less effort, so to speak. Rate = 500km / 2 hours. geostrophic, parallel. Right now I'm using a rocketry simulation toolbox in matlab that uses UK government data, which is released 4 times a day and provides wind speeds at multiples altitudes below 10,000 feet. and will be moving at a constant speed. That's why I'm adding Buff as a respected user. An air pressure of 300 millibars is said to occur near 30,000 feet (9,100 meters) in elevation. Altitude depends on the type of engines mounted on the plane. Historical Station Based Wind Climatology for the U.S. A piston engine isnt at all efficient when the density of air is low. On this graphic, users will find values from zero to 4000 feet 77 mph: Nov. 18, 2015. you look. 300 mb -> 30,000 feet 250 mb -> 34,000 feet 200 mb -> 38,600 feet 150 mb -> 44,300 feet If you don't know the altitude of the plane you are observing, then ideally use the 250mb/34000feet observation. the runway. Why not 1,000 or 15,000, etc.? ford fiesta steering wheel upgrade average wind speed at 30,000 feet Some sites don't have this, so 300mb/30,000 feet is a good option - as well as being easy to remember. 8 Bedrooms 8.5 Bathrooms. Small turbines range in size from 20 watts to 100 kilowatts (kW). cms certification number to npi crosswalk, characteristics of god in genesis 1 and 2, symptoms of being poisoned slowly by someone, Comment Calculer Le Nombre De Spire D'un Moteur, is it possible to break a twin flame connection. In Canada, reference wind pressures are used in design and are based on the "mean hourly" wind speed having a probability of being exceeded per year of 1 in 50. The Law of Love $ 15.99 $ 24.99. airport at Fort Collins-Loveland, Colorado, (KFNL) which is located at 5016 4.3 out of 5 stars 740 ratings. On average, you fall 200 feet per second during a skydive. Arrows point in the direction the wind is blowing towards. altitudes. The "10m" part of the title indicates calculated wind speeds measured at a point 10 meters above the surface. I'm sure something like this exists in the US, though I haven't found it yet. Chatham, Massachusetts, saw its highest 250-millibar wind speed Tuesday morning at 220 mph. The Wind Speed Anomaly maps show where average wind speed was slower (blue) or faster (red) than the recent 30-year average. Here's how to best cope with it, instructions how to enable JavaScript in your web browser, still uses feet and inches as its standard measurements, Six incredible planes you'll never get to fly on, The world's 10 scariest airports to fly into, The reason you always board a plane from the left side, The real reason cabin lights are dimmed for take-off and landing, Hotel brand's first Adelaide property debuts with trailblazing design, Hotel brand's first Australian property restores historic Sydney building, Hotels shouldn't be bragging about embracing cryptocurrency or NFTs. u i (1) 2.2 V ector functions. For reference, the average speed of this type of aircraft at cruising altitude (around 30,000 to 35,000 feet) is 561 mph, according to TopSpeed.com. 02:56 PM Pacific| 4). By submitting your email you are agreeing to Nine Publishing's Enter a number into a field. Average wind speed and peak gust speed in meters per second (15-minute values) measured at 10 meters above the ground. Accident, incident and crash related photos, Air to Air 04:56 PM Central| For those who find rules of thumb useful, remember the "4-5 rule": observe that 4 is 20% less than 5 and that 5 is 25% more than 4. $ In a thunderstorm, television weather reporters might speak about sustained winds of 50 kilometers per hour (31 mph) with gusts as high as 100 (62 mph). at the level shown. Wind speeds over 99 knots are extracted by subtracting 50 from the direction and adding 100 to the speed. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the average U.S. home uses 893 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity per month.Per the U.S. Wind Turbine Database, the mean capacity of wind turbines that achieved commercial operations in 2020 is 2.75 megawatts (MW).At a 42% capacity factor (i.e., the average among recently built wind turbines in the The long-term average wind speeds (in meters per second) and wind directions near 40,000 feet over Asia and the western Pacific Ocean during meteorological winter (December, January, February). The average vertical depth of the troposphere is _____ feet. It was associated with a powerful cold front and bora winds. A sample plot of wind barbs can be seen in Fig. The temperature graphics are relatively easy to understand with a contour Broomfield 89mph. But given that this is The Twilight Zone, Justin ended up becoming the impetus for such a disaster, and everything else leading up to The following information has been adapted from the modern version of the Beaufort Scale, which ranks wind speed from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane force) based on its observable effects on water and land features. About WINDExchange Seemingly Small Things Booklet. Atmospheric air pressure drops at an average predetermined standard rate of _____ inch(es) of Mercury per one thousand feet of altitude gained. Page loaded: Find the difference in speed between a flight without wind (200km/h) and with the wind (250km/h): 250km/h - 200km/h = 50km/h. A diagram on the map shows a dominant wind direction and includes average data for every year. Since wind speed generally increases with increasing height, users should expect to see more frequent orange to red colors at high altitudes. For this reason, ADDS display graphics of the departure of upper-level Which is quite a variation, quite apart from excursions. You can compare maps of wind patterns across the contiguous United States for any month from 1979 to present. 2021. 4 beds - 2 baths - 2,750 sqft. New Mexico Housing Market Insights. In the Northern Hemisphere, the jet stream flows generally from west to east. The FAA reports that on average around 75-percent of all flights arrive on time each year. The following chart indicates areas of wind energy at an altitude of about 30,000 feet or so above sea level. Altitude depends on the type of engines mounted on the plane. For full functionality of this page it is necessary to enable JavaScript. The aviation weather information available includes icing, turbulence, Have been out on our Catalina 310 in 30-35kts winds with 5-6 feet seas. Therefore, do not expect 1. It isn't so much winds as windshear that creates high altitude clear air turbulence, or the rate of change of windspeed/direction over a given distance. 50 mph at 30 feet. Areas with good exposure to prevailing winds and annual average wind speeds around 4 meters per second and greater at a 30-m height are generally considered to have a suitable wind resource for small wind projects. Shindaiwa 78890-30000 Speed-Feed 400 Universal Bump Feed Trimmer Head . 50 mph at 30 feet. During most of the year, users can easily locate the "jet stream" And to coastal residents, the difference in wind speed between a tropical storm and a Category III hurricane makes a world of difference. Photos taken by airborne photographers of airborne aircraft, Special Paint Schemes The higher you get, the colder it gets, up until 40,000 feet. Average wind speed and peak gust speed in meters per second (15-minute values) measured at 10 meters above the ground. From 10,000 feet, this means youll be in freefall for approximately 30 seconds. Hide date selection. What is the average wind speed for my area? pressure centers and upper level ridges and troughs. Small wind turbines are typically installed between 15 and 40 m high. 5280 feet = 1 mile 30000 feet / 5280 feet = 5.682 miles (rounded to third decimal). It isn't so much winds as windshear that creates high altitude clear air turbulence, or the rate of change of windspeed/direction over a given distance. See also: The world's 10 scariest airports to fly into. 1. Rate = 250km/h. Get a weather forecast and plan your outdoor activity with Windy.app: Explore live HD wind map with a 10 day wind direction and wind speed. [Chorus 2] I said I've been better, I've been worse. "This applies much more to light aircraft than airliners, but it is illegal to fly below 1,000 feet when over a built-up area, or 500 feet over any person, vehicle or structure," said Richard Taylor of the CAA. how to remove added sugar from dried cranberries; dynasty financial group; 50 mph at 30 feet; 50 mph at 30 feet. The reference wind pressure q {\displaystyle q} is calculated using the following equation: q = 1 2 p v 2 {\displaystyle q={\frac {1}{2}}pv^{2}} where p {\displaystyle p} is the air density and v {\displaystyle v} is wind speed. The 30,000 foot control chart was developed by Forrest W. Breyfogle III as part of his 30,000 foot level metric tracking approach. terms and conditions $36.78. Miles squared X 8 inches. Jet engines have the ability to be give more power when the density of air is very low (like at 30,000 feet). 0. Peak wind gusts included: 93 mph near Louisville, 89 mph at Rocky Mountain Metro Airport, 85 mph in southwest Arvada and 79 mph near Marshall. Trust that sometimes time is all you need to gain perspective. Usually measured up to 36,000 feet, this is where clouds are most likely, as well as heavy rains and high winds. But the plan also envisions this first stage unlock [ing] a pathway to 110 GW by 2050 Determine the air temperature (in [K]), air pressure (in [Pa]) and air density (in [kg/m3]) at this altitude, according to the standard atmosphere. to make a jet shake like a blender? Find Out More. Local, National, & Global Daily Weather Forecast | AccuWeather What is the average wind speed for my area? - Colors equivalent airspeed, V. E. trust, T drag, D 15 m/s 25 m/s 60 m/s 115 m/s f) Simplify the equation from task e) and calculate an approximation of the maximum cruising speed at max. In typical HALO/HAHO insertions the troops jump from altitudes between 15,000 feet (4,572 m) and 35,000 feet (10,668 m). From 14,000 feet, youll fall for 60 seconds. As a reimagining of an iconic episode, The Twilight Zone's "Nightmare at 30,000 Feet" stars Adam Scott as investigative journalist Justin Sanderson, who desperately wants to avert a disaster by taking matters into his own hands. 0 Comment; 7Jun. Miles squared X 8 inches. From what I understand, you would use a power law type relationship to model the wind speed within the atmospheric boundary layer (the height of which I'm not quite sure how to determine, but understand to be somewhere on the order of 1 km). He jokes that the pilot's announcement is thus: "Welcome to Flight One from here to there. one foot = .000189394 miles. National Weather Service feet above sea level. If the temperature at ground level was 20C, at 40,000 feet it would be -57C. The temperature of the troposphere falls at high altitudes. The following information has been adapted from the modern version of the Beaufort Scale, which ranks wind speed from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane force) based on its observable effects on water and land features. to see much variation of temperature on the plot at FL360 where the Doug Morris, a captain with Air Canada, explains that the general rule is the higher the better "because the thinner air imposes less drag". #4. one foot = .000189394 miles. How airlines define what your 'personal item' can be, No dancing, no gum: 10 of the silliest laws around the world, Twenty years on since my backpacking days, backpackers haven't changed, How to beat the crowds at the world's top museums, Not dead yet: The airlines still flying 747 jumbo jets, I let a stranger choose my holiday. Change map selection. The tables below give the average wind speed over the year for the largest cities in the United States. speed and direction, so only a representative sample of pixels are displayed and correct their course to account for changes in wind speed and direction. Jet engines have the ability to be give more power when the density of air is very low (like at 30,000 feet). Gardall Safe Shelf Clips. The aircraft's wing area is 1,140 square feet. Please select one of the following: Experimental Graphical Hazardous Weather Outlook, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. are drastically different than this reference temperature, as they would be 36,000 C. 40,000 D. 50,000. of average wind speed which is In Canada, reference wind pressures are used in design and are based on the "mean hourly" wind speed having a probability of being exceeded per year of 1 in 50.

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